Mount disk to VG / 磁盘挂载到虚拟分区
Contents
All lines started with # should be input. / 所有 # 前缀的都是 输入的部分。
1. Mount A New Disk / 挂载新的磁盘
1.1. Env / 环境
Current, we have 100G Disk. / 当前我们有 100G 磁盘。
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 99.5G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 92.5G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-home 253:2 0 5G 0 lvm /home
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
loop0 7:0 0 100G 0 loop
└─docker-253:0-134516294-pool 253:3 0 100G 0 dm
loop1 7:1 0 2G 0 loop
└─docker-253:0-134516294-pool 253:3 0 100G 0 dm
As we can see, all disks are assigned to root directory. / 所有的磁盘指定给了 根目录。
1.2. Add a Disk / 添加一块磁盘
# ls /dev/sd*
/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2
Since we didn't restart the PC, OS wouldn't be able to detect the new disk. / 因为我们没有重启， 所有系统发现不了这个新的磁盘。
To force OS reloading disk information, we can execute this: / 为了强制刷新磁盘信息， 我们可以执行以下命令
# echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
# ls /dev/sd*
/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb
Let's see what happened: / 看看发生了什么。
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 99.5G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 92.5G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-home 253:2 0 5G 0 lvm /home
sdb 8:16 0 16G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
loop0 7:0 0 100G 0 loop
└─docker-253:0-134516294-pool 253:3 0 100G 0 dm
loop1 7:1 0 2G 0 loop
└─docker-253:0-134516294-pool 253:3 0 100G 0 dm
Now we can see a new disk named sdb in the disk information.
1.3. Creating Linux Partitions in the new added disk / 在新加硬盘上创建 Linux 分区
# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x111936e6.
# Command (m for help): c
DOS Compatibility flag is set (DEPRECATED!)
# Command (m for help): u
Changing display/entry units to cylinders (DEPRECATED!).
# Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes, 33554432 sectors
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x111936e6
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
# Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
# Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First cylinder (1-2088, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2088, default 2088):
Using default value 2088
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 16 GiB is set
# Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
1.4. Creating a File System / 创建文件系统
Let's see what happened:
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 99.5G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 92.5G 0 lvm /
├─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─centos-home 253:2 0 5G 0 lvm /home
sdb 8:16 0 16G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 16G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
loop0 7:0 0 100G 0 loop
└─docker-253:0-134516294-pool 253:3 0 100G 0 dm
loop1 7:1 0 2G 0 loop
└─docker-253:0-134516294-pool 253:3 0 100G 0 dm
And now, we should format the partition. / 现在我们格式化这个分区。
# /sbin/mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
1.5. Mount it to Linux Virtual System (LVS) / 挂载到 Linux 虚拟分区
Let's check LVS. / 查看当前的 Linux 虚拟分区。
# lvs
WARNING: Not using lvmetad with older version.
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
home centos -wi-ao---- 5.00g
root centos -wi-ao---- 92.50g
swap centos -wi-ao---- 2.00g
Remember the value of column VG ( centos ). / 记住 VG 的值 ( centos )。
Now we create a new physical volume. / 现在我们创建一块物理盘。
# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
WARNING: Not using lvmetad with older version.
# WARNING: ext4 signature detected on /dev/sdb1 at offset 1080. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
Wiping ext4 signature on /dev/sdb1.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
And extend it to VG centos . / 并且将它拓展到 VG centos 。
# vgextend centos /dev/sdb1
WARNING: Not using lvmetad with older version.
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
Check whether it has been extended correctly: / 检查是否正确的被扩展了。
# vgdisplay
WARNING: Not using lvmetad with older version.
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 6
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 3
Open LV 3
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size <115.50 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 29567
Alloc PE / Size 25472 / 99.50 GiB
Free PE / Size 4095 / <16.00 GiB
VG UUID RVnCi9-U8gt-DbgA-lu11-pdeO-6o0o-cEfQkC
Notice that there is a Free PE with 8G. So let's extend it logically. / 可以看到存在没有被用到的 PE 16GiB ， 所以是成功的。
Now let's add the free PE to root. / 现在我们可以将这些空余的 PE 指定给根目录。
# lvextend -L +15.9G /dev/centos/root /dev/sdb1
WARNING: Not using lvmetad with older version.
Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 15.90 GiB.
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 92.50 GiB (23680 extents) to 108.40 GiB (27751 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
OK. Only 15.9 Can be added. / 请注意留 0.1G 的空余。
Now the last step: tell OS that the file system has been extended. / 最后一步就是告诉系统，文件系统被扩展了
# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=6062080 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=24248320, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=11840, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 24248320 to 28417024
#### Default installed, if not , type this: yum install -y xfsprogs.x86_64
And have a check: / 现在我们看下系统信息：
# df -hl
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 109G 17G 92G 16% /
devtmpfs 910M 0 910M 0% /dev
tmpfs 921M 0 921M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 921M 17M 904M 2% /run
tmpfs 921M 0 921M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-home 5.0G 33M 5.0G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 497M 125M 373M 26% /boot
tmpfs 185M 4.0K 185M 1% /run/user/0
It succeeds! / 完成了！
1.6. Reference
- CentOS6调整LVM SWAP分区大小 https://www.haiyun.me/archives/centos6-change-lvm-swap.html
- resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26305376/resize2fs-bad-magic-number-in-super-block-while-trying-to-open
- centos7 lvm管理 把/home空间转移给/ https://www.2cto.com/os/201708/668992.html
- 实战：CentOS不重启，在线添加硬盘 http://blog.51cto.com/skypegnu1/1429375
- http://blog.csdn.net/rainbow702/article/details/50761380
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